JavaCV provides wrappers to commonly used computer vision libraries, OpenCV in particular. Note that JavaCV is now superseded by an official OpenCV Java API. Do not use this tag for the official OpenCV Java API, use [opencv] + [java] instead.
JavaCV was originally a Google supported project for interfacing Java to computer vision libraries. However it is now part of Bytedeco.
JavaCV is a wrapper around OpenCV's C API, which has been deprecated in favor of a newer C++ API. There is now an official OpenCV Java API, which is an automatically generated binding for the C++ API, and this probably should be used in preference to JavaCV for new code.