Language-Integrated Query is the name for a set of technologies based on the integration of query capabilities directly into the C# language.
Language-Integrated Query (LINQ) is the name for a set of technologies based on the integration of query capabilities directly into the C# language. Traditionally, queries against data are expressed as simple strings without type checking at compile time or IntelliSense support. Furthermore, you have to learn a different query language for each type of data source: SQL databases, XML documents, various Web services, and so on. With LINQ, a query is a first-class language construct, just like classes, methods, events.
Full Overview: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/linq/index