Radio buttons are elements used in forms. They let a user select exactly one of a limited number of choices.
Radio buttons are a GUI element found in many types of forms, both on the web and in standalone applications, and they are used to let the user select one option out of a set of choices. It is often useful to provide some form of visual grouping around a collection of radio buttons so as to help the user see more clearly what they are picking between.
Where there is a binary choice, it can be better to use a check-box instead. Some types of choices may be better suited to the use of a combobox element or a drop-down-menu element, though radio buttons have the advantage of allowing the user to see all the possible options (and often descriptions of them) at once, which enhances discoverability at a cost of occupying more screen space.