Related to the information representation or its coding whereby different features of a unit of measurement, which can be interpreted as any decision. We can see the most common its implementation in evolutionary algorithms, the most famous of which are genetic algorithms. In generally, "Genetic" points us to something changeable in time base on an evolutionary process, like living organism. Technically, it is interesting to optimization algorithms.
A genetic algorithm (GA) is a method for solving both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems based on a natural selection process that mimics biological evolution.
Source: http://www.mathworks.com/discovery/genetic-algorithm.html