`nawk` is a pattern scanning and processing language.
A nawk program is a sequence of patterns and corresponding actions.
The string specifying program must be enclosed in single quotes (') to protect it from interpretation by the shell.
The sequence of pattern - action statements can be specified in the command line as program or in one, or more, file(s) specified by the -f progfile option.
When input is read that matches a pattern, the action associated with the pattern is performed.