Printing a JFrame and its components

Question

I have been working in a big program and one of its functionalities should be to print the contents of the main window. I checked the API and found this example:

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/2d/printing/gui.html

it was very helpful, I tried to use that code in my program by placing this inside the actionperformed method of my print button:

PrinterJob job = PrinterJob.getPrinterJob();
     job.setPrintable(this);
     boolean ok = job.printDialog();
     if (ok) {
         try {

             job.print();
         } catch (PrinterException ex) {
          /* The job did not successfully complete */
         }
     }

If I click the print button, I get a printer dialog and when I tell it to print, it just prints a blank document. I know the above code is not all I need, as I've seen in the API's examples there is a print() method, but apparently they never call it, so it is pretty confusing. I've tried calling and using it many times, but with no success.

Also, I think that when I finally get it to print, my window will need to be printed in the landscape orientation, it even may need some scaling. Any ideas on how to do that?

I would like any useful help to help me implement this code successfully. I know I should be able to do it by myself just by checking the documentation (I've tried for almost 2 days now) but I can't get it to work. I've learned all the programming I know through the internet. Any help will be greatly appreciated.

Does your JFrame have a `public int print(Graphics g, PageFormat pf, int i)` method override? If not, consider creating one. Inside of this method, consider calling `printAll(...)` to print the JFrame and all of its components. — Hovercraft Full Of Eels, Oct 06 '12 at 23:14

score 11 · Accepted Answer · edited Apr 27 '17 at 11:33

11

Here's a simple solution. I have a Printer class that implements printable and it will handle the printing job:

public static class Printer implements Printable {
    final Component comp;

    public Printer(Component comp){
        this.comp = comp;
    }

    @Override
    public int print(Graphics g, PageFormat format, int page_index) 
            throws PrinterException {
        if (page_index > 0) {
            return Printable.NO_SUCH_PAGE;
        }

        // get the bounds of the component
        Dimension dim = comp.getSize();
        double cHeight = dim.getHeight();
        double cWidth = dim.getWidth();

        // get the bounds of the printable area
        double pHeight = format.getImageableHeight();
        double pWidth = format.getImageableWidth();

        double pXStart = format.getImageableX();
        double pYStart = format.getImageableY();

        double xRatio = pWidth / cWidth;
        double yRatio = pHeight / cHeight;


        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
        g2.translate(pXStart, pYStart);
        g2.scale(xRatio, yRatio);
        comp.paint(g2);

        return Printable.PAGE_EXISTS;
    }
}

Next, to print it:

JFrame yourComponent = new JFrame();
PrinterJob pjob = PrinterJob.getPrinterJob();
PageFormat preformat = pjob.defaultPage();
preformat.setOrientation(PageFormat.LANDSCAPE);
PageFormat postformat = pjob.pageDialog(preformat);
//If user does not hit cancel then print.
if (preformat != postformat) {
    //Set print component
    pjob.setPrintable(new Printer(yourComponent), postformat);
    if (pjob.printDialog()) {
        pjob.print();
    }
}

edited Apr 27 '17 at 11:33

Slye

198
2
13

answered Oct 07 '12 at 00:18

user1401250

336
2
7

1

I wouldn't use `comp.paint` within the print method, I'd use `print` or `printAll`, apart from the fact that it disables double buffering I've personally had this method throw a null pointer exception if the component is not realized on the screen...IHMO – MadProgrammer Oct 07 '12 at 02:17
Hey thank you a lot, it worked. However, it is too big to fit the page, I tried changing the scale in the printing dialog but it came out the same size. Do you know how could I change that? – Alex Terreaux Oct 07 '12 at 03:18
The way you can translate, you can even scale it using g2.scale(,) – user1401250 Oct 07 '12 at 03:36
Yeah, that worked, I figured it out by myself but hey, thanks a lot for your help. – Alex Terreaux Oct 07 '12 at 08:18
@user1401250 is there a way to modify this code to print something besides JFrames? I tried changing the variable yourComponent to a table, but it just print a blank page. – jacen.garriss Aug 09 '13 at 12:54
Right up until the moment, the resulting output is so large that scaling it makes it unreadable...just saying – MadProgrammer Aug 23 '14 at 11:37
can i close it programatically after finished printing? – Blue_Alien May 20 '17 at 10:37

score 8 · Answer 2 · answered Oct 07 '12 at 03:33

Here's my twist on the idea...

Print to fit...

A4-Fit

Print to fill...

A4-Fill

public class TestPrinting {

    public static void main(String[] args) {    
        try {
            printComponentToFile(new PrintForm(), true);
            printComponentToFile(new PrintForm(), false);
        } catch (PrinterException exp) {
            exp.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void printComponent(JComponent comp, boolean fill) throws PrinterException {
        PrinterJob pjob = PrinterJob.getPrinterJob();
        PageFormat pf = pjob.defaultPage();
        pf.setOrientation(PageFormat.LANDSCAPE);

        PageFormat postformat = pjob.pageDialog(pf);
        if (pf != postformat) {
            //Set print component
            pjob.setPrintable(new ComponentPrinter(comp, fill), postformat);
            if (pjob.printDialog()) {
                pjob.print();
            }
        }    
    }

    public static void printComponentToFile(Component comp, boolean fill) throws PrinterException {    
        Paper paper = new Paper();
        paper.setSize(8.3 * 72, 11.7 * 72);
        paper.setImageableArea(18, 18, 559, 783);

        PageFormat pf = new PageFormat();
        pf.setPaper(paper);
        pf.setOrientation(PageFormat.LANDSCAPE);

        BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(
                        (int) Math.round(pf.getWidth()),
                        (int) Math.round(pf.getHeight()),
                        BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

        Graphics2D g2d = img.createGraphics();
        g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        g2d.fill(new Rectangle(0, 0, img.getWidth(), img.getHeight()));
        ComponentPrinter cp = new ComponentPrinter(comp, fill);
        try {
            cp.print(g2d, pf, 0);
        } finally {
            g2d.dispose();
        }

        try {
            ImageIO.write(img, "png", new File("Page-" + (fill ? "Filled" : "") + ".png"));
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }        
    }

    public static class ComponentPrinter implements Printable {

        private Component comp;
        private boolean fill;

        public ComponentPrinter(Component comp, boolean fill) {
            this.comp = comp;
            this.fill = fill;
        }

        @Override
        public int print(Graphics g, PageFormat format, int page_index) throws PrinterException {

            if (page_index > 0) {
                return Printable.NO_SUCH_PAGE;
            }

            Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
            g2.translate(format.getImageableX(), format.getImageableY());

            double width = (int) Math.floor(format.getImageableWidth());
            double height = (int) Math.floor(format.getImageableHeight());

            if (!fill) {

                width = Math.min(width, comp.getPreferredSize().width);
                height = Math.min(height, comp.getPreferredSize().height);

            }

            comp.setBounds(0, 0, (int) Math.floor(width), (int) Math.floor(height));
            if (comp.getParent() == null) {
                comp.addNotify();
            }
            comp.validate();
            comp.doLayout();
            comp.printAll(g2);
            if (comp.getParent() != null) {
                comp.removeNotify();
            }

            return Printable.PAGE_EXISTS;
        }

    }

}

Some of the wider ranging issues...

You become responsible for the layout of the components been printed, more or less. At least you will want to make sure that they either fit or you have some kind of overflow mechanism worked out...
You may need to "trick" components that haven't already been displayed on the screen into thinking that they are...hence all the mucky around with addNotify/validate/doLayout. Even when displayed on the screen, if you modify their bounds, you may need to call these methods.

Well, that is a nice solution. I kinda figured another way around before reading this. You know, just using g2.scale and ta da, easir than I expected. Thanks,mate. — Alex Terreaux, Oct 07 '12 at 08:20
@AlexTerreaux And [this](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26923282/getting-high-resolution-image-from-jpanel/26923692#26923692) is why I wouldn't use scaling ;) — MadProgrammer, Mar 21 '15 at 06:51

Printing a JFrame and its components

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